Frequent gatherings and pilgrimages during the agricultural off-season (January and February, 1807)、集まりと巡礼が多かった農閑期(文化4年1・2月)
千葉県流山市にいた名主の日記から、その頃の楽しみを拾い出した連載記事です(日本語は後半に)
| Michinoku Folklore Village、みちのく民俗村(岩手県北上市)https://fun-old-japan.blogspot.com/2021/08/michinoku-folklore-village-kitakami.html |
1807
Conflicts with Russia were ongoing in
Hokkaido. The Shogunate (Bakufu) ordered the domains (han) of the Tohoku region to take up defensive positions. In
August, Japanese ships were burned.
While those accidents might seem
unrelated to a village near Edo
(old name of Tokyo), it actually had a significant impact. As troops
marched northward, villages were called upon by the Soka post-town to provide
labor including horses for transport; dozens of meetings regarding matters
such as contract fees were held.
Hyōemon, the village headman (and
author of this diary), was forced to work for handling these negotiations.
I'm sorry for him while reading this
year's diary; he was also called upon to mediate a dispute of relatives living
in Shibasaki, about 15 kilometers away.
However, others were enjoying
themselves. Here, I will highlight the things they found enjoyable as usual.
January
The diary entry for New Year's Day
begins simply with the phrase "as is customary."
Two weddings took place while the usual New Year's events were held.
22nd, Hyōemon traveled to
Edo and returned on the 28th (likely for New Year's greetings).
23rd, the entry reads:
"Three rabbits were caught, so a holiday was granted."
A holiday for catching rabbits? That sounds nice. (Holidays were determined on a village-by-village basis.)
February
8th was a Himachi (waiting-sun
event) holiday. Hyōemon invited Shiba-Kyu, Otohachi, Omoi Rinzō, Sōemon,
Senshichi, Denzō, and Gensuke—his circle of friends.
"Hatsu-uma (First Horse Day) Thanksgiving" on the 10th (hosted by Hyōemon),
"*Himachi* holiday/recreation" on the 11th,
"Preventing Smallpox holiday" on the 12th,
and a "[Illegible] holiday" on the 13th.
It was the agricultural off-season.
17th, the wives of
Denjirō and Denshichi set out on a pilgrimage to Chichibu in Saitama.
They returned on the 20th of the following month. That sounds
lovely.
The day of their departure was
designated a village holiday; the villagers prayed for their safe
journey.
25th was a holiday
marking the departure of the ”Kashima Kouchū” (a group making a pilgrimage
to Kashima Shrine).
Sōemon and Kiemon also went on the
pilgrimage, although it seems both were reluctant to participate; Hyōemon had
to persuade them. I wonder what they were reluctant about.
Sōemon returned to the village on the 2nd
of the next month, while Kiemon, Kanzaemon, and Denjirō returned on the 5th.
Denjirō's wife was away on the Chichibu pilgrimage at the time.
22nd, Hyōemon was invited to
a wedding, but an incident occurred where lads from Nishihirai Village
blocked the path.
Saemon, the village headman of
Nishihirai, came to the scene, and the matter was resolved.
The details are unclear, but the lads
in this area were hell raising.
| Pilgrims、出雲巡礼(日本地理風俗体系) |
1807(文化4) 年
北海道ではロシアとの衝突が続いており、幕府は東北諸藩に守備を命じた。8月には日本の船が焼かれた(文化露寇/フヴォストフ事件)。千葉の村とは何の関係も無さそうだが、大あり。軍の通行に伴い、草加宿から助郷を依頼されるようになり、請負金などに関して数十回の打ち合わせがあった。名主の兵右衛門(この日記の著者)は交渉に駆り出された。
彼は、他にも、現・我孫子市柴崎に住む親戚のもめ事で呼ばれるなど、読んでいても気の毒になる年だった。
しかし、周りの人たちは楽しんでいた。何を楽しんでいたかを書き出していく。
1月
元日は、“定例の通り”
とシンプルな書き出し。婚礼が2件、奉謝など新年の恒例行事の中で行われました。22日、兵右衛門は出府し、28日に帰村。
23日、“是迄、うさき三つ取り候由に付き、休日遣る” とある。兎を捕ったら休日? いいねえ。
2月
8日、日待休日。“芝久、音八、思井林蔵、惣右衛門、仙七、伝蔵、源助呼び”、お仲間だ。
一日おいて、10日 “初午奉謝” 、兵右衛門が宿、11日 “日待休日遊“、12日 ”痘瘡休日“、13日 “□□休日”、と休みが多い。農閑期だ。
17日、傳次郎の妻と傳七の妻が、秩父参詣に出立。戻りは翌月20日。いいねえ。出立の日は村の休日にした。無事帰って来いよ。
25日、鹿島講中の出立で休日。惣右衛門、喜右衛門らも参詣したが、両名とも参加を渋った模様で兵右衛門は説得した。何が嫌だったのだろうか。
惣右衛門が村に戻ったのは翌月2日、喜右衛門、勘左衛門、傳次郎は5日だった。傳次郎の妻は秩父へ巡礼中。
22日、兵右衛門は婚礼に呼ばれたが、西平井村の若者が道筋を遮る事件が起こった。西平井村の名主・佐右衛門が現地に来て、一件落着。事情はわからないが、この近辺の若者はやんちゃだ。
Previous post (Peaceful days and fun of a village head in 19th
century, part 24(千葉県流山の名主日記)): Nishi-Mata’s matter was resolved (December, 1806)、西又の一件、落着(文化3年12月)
Next post (Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century,
part 26(千葉県流山の名主日記): Childbirth of the married daughter (March and April 1807)、嫁いだ娘の出産(文化4年3・4月)(coming soon)
The first article in this series (from 1802 to 1848)、シリーズ(1802年から1848年)最初の記事 : Peaceful days and funs of a village
head in 19th century, part 1(千葉県流山の名主日記)
The first article of the diary from 1849 to 1864, fifty-three
articles in total、1849年から1864年の日記(53記事)の最初の記事: Yoshino’s daily life 01, About Yoshino
and background 吉野家とその頃
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