吉原はスゴイ‐江戸文化を育んだ魅惑の遊郭(堀口茉純、2018)
人の楽しみの発見度:Excellent ★★★
This book is written about an authorized
red-light district Yoshiwara which was in Edo (old name of Tokyo). There are
many pictures in this book and you can understand all about Yoshiwara by this
small book.
The author is a pretty actress who is devoted to Japanese history especially Edo city (https://hoollii.com/). She tries to depict the contribution of Yoshiwara to foster Edo culture.
The author is a pretty actress who is devoted to Japanese history especially Edo city (https://hoollii.com/). She tries to depict the contribution of Yoshiwara to foster Edo culture.
Yoshiwara by Kunisada, 新よし原尾州楼かり/国貞
http://www.ndl.go.jp/landmarks/details/detail274.html?sights=shinyoshiwara;tokyo=taito、国会図書館
|
この本は、ほぼすべてのページに浮世絵などの挿絵がある。
前書きで、著者は遊女たちが過酷な労働環境で性的サービスを提供したというブラックな事実を踏まえつつも、江戸文化の形成に貢献したポジティブな側面を伝えたい、と記している。
著者の堀口さんは、執筆時35歳の和服が似合う美しい方、2008年、江戸文化歴史検定1級に史上最年少の25歳で合格し「お江戸ル」と称している(https://hoollii.com/)。遊郭・吉原の全てをコンパクトに纏めた良い本だ。
前書きで、著者は遊女たちが過酷な労働環境で性的サービスを提供したというブラックな事実を踏まえつつも、江戸文化の形成に貢献したポジティブな側面を伝えたい、と記している。
著者の堀口さんは、執筆時35歳の和服が似合う美しい方、2008年、江戸文化歴史検定1級に史上最年少の25歳で合格し「お江戸ル」と称している(https://hoollii.com/)。遊郭・吉原の全てをコンパクトに纏めた良い本だ。
1. What is Yoshiwara?
Yoshiwara was north of Edo city and surrounded by rice fields. The area was
about 100,000 sqm (355m×266m), and it was authorized by Tokugawa Shougunate.
The typical way to go to Yoshiwara in the late Edo period was written as follows. Visitors got on a small boat from Yanagibashi, so there were many restaurants and inns there.
They got off at Sanyabori, and went to a restaurant or an inn to rest first. Some of them invited Geisha girls to the restaurant.
Afterwards they went to Yoshiwara which was 1km away on foot or on palanquin.
Before Yoshiwara, there were many shops; workers of some shops guided visitors to the “Girou” where fancy ladies were found, some sold a guidebook of Yoshiwara.
Oomon was the gate of Yoshiwara and there were gatekeepers who checked criminals and prostitutes who were trying to escape.
Yoshiwara is just 6km away from the central Tokyo, but people got on a ship and palanquin. They enjoyed the way to Yoshiwara probably.
The typical way to go to Yoshiwara in the late Edo period was written as follows. Visitors got on a small boat from Yanagibashi, so there were many restaurants and inns there.
They got off at Sanyabori, and went to a restaurant or an inn to rest first. Some of them invited Geisha girls to the restaurant.
Afterwards they went to Yoshiwara which was 1km away on foot or on palanquin.
Before Yoshiwara, there were many shops; workers of some shops guided visitors to the “Girou” where fancy ladies were found, some sold a guidebook of Yoshiwara.
Oomon was the gate of Yoshiwara and there were gatekeepers who checked criminals and prostitutes who were trying to escape.
Yoshiwara is just 6km away from the central Tokyo, but people got on a ship and palanquin. They enjoyed the way to Yoshiwara probably.
The way to Yoshiwara、Edo-Tokyo Museum 江戸東京博物館 Part2 |
The way from Sanya to Yoshiwara by Hiroshige, 新吉原衣紋坂日本堤/広重
http://www.ndl.go.jp/landmarks/details/detail271.html?sights=shinyoshiwara;tokyo=taito、国会図書館
|
Guidemap of Yoshiwara、Edo-Tokyo Museum
芳原細見図 江戸東京博物館
|
吉原は、江戸の北側、田んぼの中に忽然と現れる黒塀で囲われた355m×266m、およそ3万坪の遊郭、すなわち遊女を集団定住させた幕府公認のエリアである。
江戸後期の文化文政時代(1804~1830年)の「道のりのモデルケース」として紹介されているのが、柳橋から猪牙(ちょき)船で隅田川を上るもの。柳橋には遊客目当ての料理茶屋や船宿が密集していたとのことで、吉原への旅が始まった感じだ。山谷掘で船を降りるが、船宿で一服したり、料理茶屋で仲間と待ち合わせたり、芸者を呼んで宴席を持つ者もいたという。山谷掘からは日本堤を駕篭か徒歩で吉原に向かう。1km弱の道のりだ。日本堤から分岐した五十間道を歩き、大門(おおもん)に着く。
五十間道には、妓楼まで手引きする引手茶屋や吉原のガイドブック吉原細見を売る版元などが軒を連ねた。大門には遊女の逃亡や犯罪人の入門を見張る番所が置かれていた。
江戸の北とはいえ、僅か6kmほどの場所に道草しながら移動したものだ。
江戸後期の文化文政時代(1804~1830年)の「道のりのモデルケース」として紹介されているのが、柳橋から猪牙(ちょき)船で隅田川を上るもの。柳橋には遊客目当ての料理茶屋や船宿が密集していたとのことで、吉原への旅が始まった感じだ。山谷掘で船を降りるが、船宿で一服したり、料理茶屋で仲間と待ち合わせたり、芸者を呼んで宴席を持つ者もいたという。山谷掘からは日本堤を駕篭か徒歩で吉原に向かう。1km弱の道のりだ。日本堤から分岐した五十間道を歩き、大門(おおもん)に着く。
五十間道には、妓楼まで手引きする引手茶屋や吉原のガイドブック吉原細見を売る版元などが軒を連ねた。大門には遊女の逃亡や犯罪人の入門を見張る番所が置かれていた。
江戸の北とはいえ、僅か6kmほどの場所に道草しながら移動したものだ。
Inside the Oomon, there was a main street
called “Naka-no-chou”. Many lanterns lit the street and you could hear the
sound of Japanese guitars played in parties at Girous. Events such as sakura blossom
viewing were held on this main street.
Map of Yoshiwara in 1713、Edo-Tokyo Museum
1713年頃の吉原、江戸東京博物館
|
Main street of Yoshiwara with sakura trees by Hiroshige, 吉原仲之町/広重
http://www.ndl.go.jp/landmarks/details/detail277.html?sights=shinyoshiwara;tokyo=taito、国会図書館
|
There were tea houses called “Hikite Chaya”
which were agents of “Girou” where fancy ladies were. Visitors left their
belongings including wallets there and they were guided to Girous, so Hikite
Chayas paid the charge instead of visitors. Visitors could go to Girous
directly, however Girous welcomed visitors from Hikite Chayas because there
were no risks for not paying the bill.
The population of Yoshiwara was around eight
thousand in the late Edo period. Half of them were fancy ladies, but others worked at shops such as groceries and bath-houses in Yoshiwara. There were many shops so people didn't
need to go out from Yoshiwara.
The Girou was a two story building; on the
first floor, ladies sat down and visitors saw ladies through lattices. Visitors left swords in the first floor if they
had, then they went up to the second floor where Japanese style service rooms were.
Main street and “Girous”, 吉原年礼ノ図/広重
http://www.ndl.go.jp/landmarks/details/detail276.html?sights=shinyoshiwara;tokyo=taito、国会図書館
|
大門を入るとメインストリート・仲の町になる。
提灯に照らされ三味線が聞こえる。仲の町は花見や花魁道中が行われるイベント広場でもある。大門近くにある七軒の引手茶屋(七軒茶屋)は格が高く、妓楼までの送迎と食事で一分(約2万円)だったという。
客は、財布など荷物を預け妓楼に向かい引手茶屋が立て替える。妓楼にとっては、とりっぱぐれのない良い客であり、直接妓楼を訪ねた客より歓待される。
吉原の人口は約8千人(江戸後期)だが遊女は約半分で、妓楼の他に湯屋、八百屋など様々な店があり吉原の中で生活が賄えたという。妓楼は二階建てで、一階は遊女が格子越しに遊客に顔見世する張見世と従業員の生活空間だそうだ。遊客は一階で刀を預け、接客用の座敷がある二階に上がる。
The first visit to a Girou was
called “Shokai” and a visitor held a party usually.
The thing was a fancy lady sat the seat of honor. The lady kept a distance from her customer, therefore it was a reserved party. The lady and the customer exchanged cups of sake alcohol as a pledge of partnership, then they went inside a bedroom.
For the third visit, the customer was called “Najimi” which meant a regular customer, during this time the lady stripped off all her clothes in the bedroom finally. After the service, the lady walked her customer to the Oomon gate. If the customer made a reservation, the lady would go to Hikite Chaya to welcome him.
Until the second visit, the lady seemed cold but she became familiar from the third visit, so at that time she loose in up. That’s how it was in Yoshiwara.
The thing was a fancy lady sat the seat of honor. The lady kept a distance from her customer, therefore it was a reserved party. The lady and the customer exchanged cups of sake alcohol as a pledge of partnership, then they went inside a bedroom.
For the third visit, the customer was called “Najimi” which meant a regular customer, during this time the lady stripped off all her clothes in the bedroom finally. After the service, the lady walked her customer to the Oomon gate. If the customer made a reservation, the lady would go to Hikite Chaya to welcome him.
Until the second visit, the lady seemed cold but she became familiar from the third visit, so at that time she loose in up. That’s how it was in Yoshiwara.
Party at Girou、Edo-Tokyo Museum 江戸東京博物館 |
Morning of the Oomon gate, 廓中東雲/広重
http://www.ndl.go.jp/landmarks/details/detail268.html?sights=shinyoshiwara;tokyo=taito、国会図書館
|
There was severe rule in Yoshiwara.
After you became a regular customer Najimi, you could never visit other lady in Yoshiwara. If you do, you will be brought to the lady’s Girou and be abused, plus you must pay consolation money.
I couldn’t understand why gentlemen were prohibited to make love with another lady of this red-light district. The author wrote “When people wanted to have sex, they went to no licensed pleasure quarters. Yoshiwara was not only a pleasure place, but also a social and glorious place.” Yoshiwara was a very special entertainment district which had its own practice.
After you became a regular customer Najimi, you could never visit other lady in Yoshiwara. If you do, you will be brought to the lady’s Girou and be abused, plus you must pay consolation money.
I couldn’t understand why gentlemen were prohibited to make love with another lady of this red-light district. The author wrote “When people wanted to have sex, they went to no licensed pleasure quarters. Yoshiwara was not only a pleasure place, but also a social and glorious place.” Yoshiwara was a very special entertainment district which had its own practice.
初めての登楼は初会と呼ばれ、通常、宴席を設ける。
宴席では遊女とお供が上席に座るという。客とは席が離れ、よそよそしい宴席だというが、遊女と交わした盃は、三々九度に相当し遊女と疑似夫婦になることを意味し、床入りとなるらしい。
二回目の登楼は裏と呼ばれ、同じ遊女を指名すると宴席では初会より少し近くに座ってくれる。
三回目から馴染みとなるが、なんと馴染金というチップがある。遊客は名前で呼ばれ家紋入りの箸箱が出され、遊女は床入りで初めて細帯を解く、つまりやっと全裸になるという。また、遊女は大門まで客を送り、次回の予約をすれば引手茶屋まで迎えに来てくれるという。著者によると二回目までは冷たくあしらい三回目からは甘える「ツンデレ」で遊女は遊客を引き付けるのだそうだ。
宴席では遊女とお供が上席に座るという。客とは席が離れ、よそよそしい宴席だというが、遊女と交わした盃は、三々九度に相当し遊女と疑似夫婦になることを意味し、床入りとなるらしい。
二回目の登楼は裏と呼ばれ、同じ遊女を指名すると宴席では初会より少し近くに座ってくれる。
三回目から馴染みとなるが、なんと馴染金というチップがある。遊客は名前で呼ばれ家紋入りの箸箱が出され、遊女は床入りで初めて細帯を解く、つまりやっと全裸になるという。また、遊女は大門まで客を送り、次回の予約をすれば引手茶屋まで迎えに来てくれるという。著者によると二回目までは冷たくあしらい三回目からは甘える「ツンデレ」で遊女は遊客を引き付けるのだそうだ。
馴染み客になったら浮気厳禁で、他の遊女に通ったら待ち伏せにあい、妓楼に連れて行かれボコボコにされて慰謝料まで払わされるという。一人の遊女しか遊べない遊里なんて訳が分からない。でも、性行為だけが目的なら岡場所(非公認の私娼街)に行くのであって、吉原に行くのは、公認の性行為だけではなく、社交の場、ハレの場であったからだと記されている。
Yoshiwara was a typical tourist spot of Edo. There
were three great events called Yoshiwara San-kei-you which ordinary women and
children visited.
The first one was a sakura blossom viewing in March, the second one was a Tamagiku lantern festival in July and the last one was Niwaka costume parade in August in which backstage staff in Yoshiwara dressed up as Kabuki actors or historical heroes. They danced, performed and marched on the main street. There were also many souvenirs in Yoshiwara such as sweets.
The first one was a sakura blossom viewing in March, the second one was a Tamagiku lantern festival in July and the last one was Niwaka costume parade in August in which backstage staff in Yoshiwara dressed up as Kabuki actors or historical heroes. They danced, performed and marched on the main street. There were also many souvenirs in Yoshiwara such as sweets.
By the way, there were many Ukiyo-e woodblock
printings about Yoshiwara. The ladies put on gorgeous kimonos but they didn’t
expose their skins, so the author guessed that those printings were for
women, not for men. There were also printings for children.
吉原はまた、江戸の観光名所であったという。
吉原の三大イベント・三景容である、三月の花見、七月の玉菊燈籠、八月の俄(にわか)には女性や子供も訪れたという。
吉原の三大イベント・三景容である、三月の花見、七月の玉菊燈籠、八月の俄(にわか)には女性や子供も訪れたという。
俄は、芸者や幇間など遊女を支える裏方が歌舞伎役者や歴史上の人物に仮装して即興芝居や踊り、演奏をしながら仲の町を練り歩いたという。観光名所に付き物の土産も充実していて、お菓子や甘露梅など人気であったという。
また、浮世絵は無数に作られていたが、肌の露出が少なく豪華な衣装を着こんでいることから、著者は「これを見て喜ぶのは男性というより、むしろ女性だったのではないか」と記している。双六絵もあり、子供も楽しんでいたようだ。
また、浮世絵は無数に作られていたが、肌の露出が少なく豪華な衣装を着こんでいることから、著者は「これを見て喜ぶのは男性というより、むしろ女性だったのではないか」と記している。双六絵もあり、子供も楽しんでいたようだ。
People in Yoshiwara were keen to keep the area
clean.
The Oomon gate was opened at daybreak, simultaneously garbage collectors came in to Yoshiwara and started cleaning up. Meanwhile staff of Giros cleaned up inside the buildings, prostitutes took bath and prepared for shop hours. Cleanliness and neatness were very important there.
The Oomon gate was opened at daybreak, simultaneously garbage collectors came in to Yoshiwara and started cleaning up. Meanwhile staff of Giros cleaned up inside the buildings, prostitutes took bath and prepared for shop hours. Cleanliness and neatness were very important there.
吉原は、清潔感を保つことにも力を入れており、明け六つの鐘を合図に大門が開き、塵芥回収業者が入り清掃を開始。また、客がいないうちに下肥の汲み取りも行われ農家が買い取って行ったという。
見世では店内外を磨き上げ、遊女たちも風呂で体を洗い昼見世の開始を待ったという。清潔さは大切だ。
2. History of Yoshiwara
Yoshiwara was established in 1618 near the Edo castle, but
it wasn’t a proper place for the red-light district because many people started
to live there, so it was moved to a new place under the support of the shogunate.
On the move, ladies with excellent kimonos clothes walked to a new place slowly and they toured tourist spots on the way. It was said many people came to see them.
On the move, ladies with excellent kimonos clothes walked to a new place slowly and they toured tourist spots on the way. It was said many people came to see them.
The customers had changed; in the early Edo period,
daimyous and samurais were the customers, but it changed to rich merchants who were famous for extravagant behavior.
However the shogunate required thrift to people, “Tsuu” and “Iki” became new value. The author mentioned “Tsuu” means to have excellent common sense and knowledge, meanwhile “Iki” means to understand the feeling of human nature.
Under these sense of value, customers who were mainly merchants wore conservative clothes, but those were made from good quality and expensive materials. Thereafter Yoshiwara became the place where ordinary people visited, because four more affordable red-light districts (competitors) were built in Edo and expensive entertainment houses became obsolete.
However the shogunate required thrift to people, “Tsuu” and “Iki” became new value. The author mentioned “Tsuu” means to have excellent common sense and knowledge, meanwhile “Iki” means to understand the feeling of human nature.
Under these sense of value, customers who were mainly merchants wore conservative clothes, but those were made from good quality and expensive materials. Thereafter Yoshiwara became the place where ordinary people visited, because four more affordable red-light districts (competitors) were built in Edo and expensive entertainment houses became obsolete.
In the late Edo period, prostitutes of no
licensed pleasure quarters were forced to move to Yoshiwara. That meant many
ladies without cultural skills flew into Yoshiwara which dropped the quality of
entertainment and the charge at the same time. Moreover because of small
revenue, the ladies worked under terrible condition and it extinguished shining
of Yoshiwara.
第二夜 スターとスキャンダルとともに振り返る☆吉原の歩み
1618年に人形町付近で開業した遊郭が、周辺が市街地化して風紀上良くないとのことで、1657年に現在の地に移転。
引っ越しでは、遊女が着飾って名所旧跡を訪ねながら移動したため見物客が押し掛けたという。
江戸初期の吉原の客は、大名を含む武士だったが、台頭してきた商人に代わって行った。
引っ越しでは、遊女が着飾って名所旧跡を訪ねながら移動したため見物客が押し掛けたという。
江戸初期の吉原の客は、大名を含む武士だったが、台頭してきた商人に代わって行った。
元禄期の吉原は、紀伊国屋文左衛門に代表される派手な金遣いが人気だった。
しかし、質素倹約の政策が打ち出された享保期(1716~1736年)の吉原では、通やいき(意気)といった精神性が重んじられるようになったと書かれている。
筆者は、「通は物事(特に遊里における立ち居振る舞い)、いきは人情(特に色事における異性の感情の機微)をよく理解してさっぱりと垢抜けしていること」と記載している。江戸文化の価値観に通じる。
台頭した金融商人・札差は、見た目は派手ではないが最高級の素材を使ったり肌を現したところで初めてわかるおしゃれをしたり、蔵前風とよばれるスタイルで通人を牽引したという。
その後、吉原は金持ちが通う時代から、庶民が通う時代になって行った。
その後、吉原は金持ちが通う時代から、庶民が通う時代になって行った。
これは、江戸で増えた幕府黙認の遊里(品川、千住、板橋、内藤新宿の四宿)や岡場所への対抗策としての大衆迎合でもあったようだ。吉原には最高位の遊女・太夫はいなくなり、超高級な貸座敷の揚屋もなくなった。ちなみに置屋から揚屋に向かうのが花魁道中の始まりだそうだ。最上級の遊女は花魁と呼ばれるようになった。
天保の改革(1841~1843年)では、綱紀粛正で岡場所が吉原に移転したが、芸を仕込まれていない遊女は吉原の質を下げ、同時に値段も下がった。
また、飢饉で農村部の娘が売られてきたこともあって遊女は増え、遊女たちは劣悪な条件(食事、休み、暴力)で働かされることになった。質の低下に火災も重なり、吉原は魅力を失っていく。
3. Life in Yoshiwara
In Yoshiwara, there were many
workers such as cooking staff, cleaning
staff and so on. Interesting thing is; prostitutes were well-trained in the early Edo period so they played
and danced, but thereafter prostitutes couldn’t entertain customers by such
skills. Therefore art performers increased who were prohibited to prostitute in Yoshiwara.
A day of Yoshiwara; two shifts in a day、Edo-Tokyo Museum 吉原の一日、江戸東京博物館 |
The day
of fancy ladies in Yoshiwara started with sending off their customers which was
very important for them to make regular customers. It was written that the most
important thing for ladies was to pretend that a lady felt sad for farewell. Customers
returned to their home before shops were open; it was the time of daybreak, so they
left Giros at night. Ladies got up earlier than customers and prepared for
them. After customers went out, ladies slept again and bath.
Yoshiwara
were open again at noon and closed at four pm. Main customers were local
samurais who stationed in Edo, because they must return until sunset. Therefore ladies
were not so busy in the daytime business, they exercised for performances, wrote
letters and so on.
Ladies
wrote letters a lot to urge customers to visit Giros. The book of example
letters were published, but it was written in this book that ladies must not have been swayed to any men even if the gentleman was excellent. Anyway, some ladies
added fragrance of incense or face powder, and some ladies put their lip rouge
on letters. Some ladies had a tattoo of their customer’s name, however ladies
erased and changed the name; ladies were tough. On the other hand, gentlemen
knew these Yoshiwara’s tricks, but gentlemen believed “I am different!” easily. Ladies
needed a lot of money to buy kimonos, to set up interior of their service
rooms, and to buy kimonos for their assistant girls. Ladies needed patrons, and
patrons paid huge money so Yoshiwara flourished. I think it made Yoshiwara
culture.
During
daytime, ohuda talisman sellers and fortunetellers visited Yoshiwara. It is
interesting for me that many tough fancy ladies believed gods and
fortunetelling.
Ladies in the morning. They prepared and wrote letters to their customers、
Edo-Tokyo Museum
|
In the daytime, visitors came but most of them just looked、Edo-Tokyo Museum |
Yoshiwara
was open around sunset again, ladies sat down in ranking at shop-front. Popular
ladies who already had reservations fetched regular customers from Hikite Cyaya with assistant
girls which was called Oiran parade. At midnight, wooden clappers were beaten
which meant new customers were not acceptable. Around 2am, Giros finished
services and ladies prepared to go to bed rooms.
Ladies
came to work to Yosiwara when they were four or five years old; most of them were sold.
They practiced dancing and performing, then they started to be a prostitute around
sixteen years old. Few of them were taken by rich customers, but most of them
continued to work in Yoshiwara after the end of their contracts as managers, backstage staff, or prostitutes at low class Giros in Yoshiwara. Ladies who
were raised up in Yoshiwara couldn’t adapt themselves to ordinary society, so
they lived in Yoshiwara all their lives.
The
author described the ladies “They were high-mined and tough flowers which
bloomed under the cruel working environment.” This book explained Yoshiwara very well; it was the largest red-light district in Edo and the important
part which supported Edo culture.
Sakura at main street in Yoshiwara by Hiroshige/Toyokuni 新よし原仲の町の桜 広重・豊国 http://www.ndl.go.jp/landmarks/details/detail273.html?sights=shinyoshiwara;tokyo=taito、国会図書館 |
Oiran and girls、揚巻と禿
@Edo-Tokyo Museum、江戸東京博物館
|
Reference: Life in Edo, old Tokyo (published in 1959)
第三夜 夢の国のリアル
吉原には、調理をはじめ様々な仕事をする裏方がいる。
本業の芸事については、江戸初期は遊女が諸芸に習熟していたが、時代が下ると芸のない遊女が増え、男芸者(幇間)や女芸者という遊女以外の仕事をする者たちが増えた。
吉原の女芸者は売春を禁じられていたという。
遊女の一日は、客を送る後朝(きぬぎぬ)の別れに備えることから始まる。
後朝の別れで「名残を惜しんで見せる姿は、次回の来店につなげるための最大の見せ場」と書かれている。客は江戸の商店が開く明け六つ(午前六時ごろ)に家に着くように帰るということなので、遊女の朝は早い。
客が帰った後は二度寝をして風呂に浸かってとプライベートタイムだったが、居続けの客という連泊の客もいたという。一日中世話をすることになるので、遊女は大変だが稼ぎにはなったようだ。
昼の営業・昼見世は昼九つから七つ(正午から午後四時ごろまで)だが、主な客は門限が暮れ六つ(午後六時頃)の江戸勤番の武士だったそうだ。昼の間に、稽古をしたり、馴染み客への手紙を書く。
遊女は客を繋ぎとめるためにとにかく手紙を書いたそうで、「遊女案文」という例文集まで出ていたそうだ。この本には、どんなに良い客でも心を許すな、と書かれているらしい。
遊女は、香を焚いたり白粉(おしろい)の匂いを移したり、口紅をつけたりと、手紙に工夫を凝らしたようだ。また、自分の思いに偽りがないことを示すために、お札(ふだ)に自分の思いを書いたり、腕に相手の名前の刺青を入れたり、小指を渡すこともあったらしい。びっくりだ。でも、お札の起請文を何人にも送るのは落語「三枚起請」の題材になっているし、刺青はもぐさで焼いて書き換えるし、小指でさえ五人の男が持っていたということがあったらしい。騙されていると思っていても、俺は違う、と思わせるのが遊女の手管ということだ。
*遊女の手管として、「放爪(ほうそう、爪を剥がす)」、「誓詞(起請文)」、「断髪(様々な切り方あり)」、「入れ墨」、「切指」、「貫肉」は、男との関係を強くする心中の形だったそうです。(氏家幹人:性なる江戸の秘め談義、69・70項/江戸の「恋」は血の香り) 恐ろしや。
遊女は、着物、室内のあつらえ、禿(かむろ)や新造という妹分の衣服の手配まで金がかかったのだ。スポンサーになる客が必要だ。客がお金を使うことで文化は熟していく。
昼の間には、お札売りや八卦見なども訪れ、スピリチュアルにはまる遊女も多かったという。
夜の営業・夜見世は、暮れ六つ(午後六時ごろ)からであり、昼見世後は食事も含めて夜の準備となる。夜見世が始まると遊女は序列順に張見世に並ぶ。予約がある花魁は張見世には座らず仲の町の引手茶屋に客を迎えに行く。いわゆる花魁道中である。
江戸の町木戸は四つ(午後十時ごろ)に閉まるので、宵帰りの客は帰ってしまう。九つ(午前0時)に拍子木を打って新規客の受け入れは終了、八つ(午前二時ごろ)で大引けとなり、遊女は座敷を出て、いったん一階に下り、床入りの準備をして二階に上がるのだそうだ。
遊女は、4、5歳で年季奉公(実質は身売りが多い)で吉原に来る。
16歳ごろから客を取るが莫大な金額を支払う相手が現れて身請けされるのは稀で、年季が明けても大抵は吉原の中で雑用係や遊女の管理者である遣手(やりて)などとして働くのだそうだ。または、河岸見世という年季が明けても行くあてのない遊女や岡場所上がりの遊女が働く最下級の妓楼で格安で働くそうだ。
吉原育ちでは、世間に馴染みにくいらしい。吉原から出られない彼女たちであったが、妓楼で近隣の花見に出かけたり、上客に一日買い上げてもらい連れ出されたこともあったようだ。
著者は遊女を「過酷な労働環境の中で気高く逞しく咲き誇った花」と締めくくっている。江戸時代最大の遊郭で、江戸文化の一端を担った吉原のしきたり、歴史が分かりやすく書かれている。サクサク読めるおすすめの書です。
参考:江戸生活事典(1959年出版)
Previous post (People’s hobby, Bonsai)
:
The Omiya Bonsai Art Museum, Saitama 大宮盆栽美術館
The Omiya Bonsai Art Museum, Saitama 大宮盆栽美術館
Next post (Photos of highways and post
towns) :
Kaidou highway (Road side exhibition) 街道観光展2018
Kaidou highway (Road side exhibition) 街道観光展2018
Comments
Post a Comment