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Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 11（千葉県流山の名主日記）

Busy farming season started (May and June, 1804)、農作業が本格化（文化元年5・6月）

 

Rice planters at work, Japan（1904）https://www.loc.gov/item/2020632793/

 

May, 1804

Rice planting began on the 7th.

The locations where rice was planted are recorded daily.

 

23rd, planting was completed. It was 17 days of rice planting.

Hyōemon, who wrote this diary, held the "Sanaburi" celebration; he invited Magoichi and five villagers to thank for their works.

After finishing planting at his own fields, he sent his family members to help with the rice planting at other families.

 

The village's "Sanaburi" was held on the 6th of the following month, after all village families had finished planting. The 7th was also a holiday.

The modern Japan government, which adopted Western culture, changed the lunar calendar to the solar calendar in 1873. Government offices made Sunday a holiday in 1876.

Before that, holidays were determined by each village.

Reference: Villageholidays in the Edo period (1/2)

The Hyōemon family, who finished planting early, were already weeding their rice fields.

 

25th, he offered udon noodles to Chofuku-ji Temple. He also made udon noodles there.

 

The word "unton" (same as "udon") appears frequently. They often invited to an udon party each other.

 

28th, his aunt and Chie came. They wanted to go to Edo (old name of Tokyo) for moxibustion treatment for paralysis.

The next day, Hyōemon's mother and Shiba-ji (relative) accompanied them to Edo.

 

They returned from Edo on the 2nd. His aunt and Chie stayed overnight at Hyōemon's house before returning their home.

 

However, on the 4th, his mother became ill. It was a shame, considering they had gone all the way to Edo for moxibustion.

 

 

June

12th, they discussed an event of praying for rain. Two years ago, there was a flood. But, this year, there's a drought.

They sent representatives to the "Deity of thunder." It was a two-day journey, so it wasn't far.

 

The 15th was a regular holiday, and the 16th was the "Thunder and Rain Prayer Holiday."

They offered sacred sake to the village's thunder deity. For the next five days, there were thunderstorms, demonstrating the miraculous power of the prayers.

However, unfortunately, this year also saw a poor harvest.

 

The 17th was a holiday for the entire domain due to the lord's wedding. All the villages under the same lord were on holiday. They drank sake (alcohol) to celebrate. It was a three-day holiday.

 

26th, Magoichi and Hanzaemon departed for a pilgrimage to Mt. Oyama (to the deity of rain). The village declared a holiday to pray for their safe journey. This year's rain prayer was important.

 

They returned to the village on the 30th. The round trip was 200km, with an average daily travel distance of 40km. There were rainy days, which made it a tough journey, but they must have enjoyed the long trip. Because, it was a rare chance to go out of the village.

 


Mt. Oyama、大山（神奈川県）

 

５月

７日から田植えが始まった。

“こほれ餅隠居田下より五枚うへ” など、場所と田植えの記載が続く。

 

23日、植え仕舞い。17日間の田植えだ。

打ち上げの「早苗ぶり」で、孫市らをよんでいる。

自分の家の田植えが終わったら、他家の田植えの手伝いに人を出す。

 

村の家々が田植えを終えた翌月６日が村の早苗ぶり。7日も休日にした。

西洋文化を取り入れ、太陽暦を採用したのは1873（明治6）年。官公庁が日曜日を休日にしたのは1876年（明治9年）。それ以前は、村の休日は村で決めていた。 参考：村の遊び日 (1/2)


早々に田植を早く終えた吉野家では、もう田草捕りをしている。

 

25日、長福寺へうどんを献上し、かつ、うどんを打っている。

うんとん（“うどん”と同じ）の記載が頻出。呼んだり呼ばれたり、うどんパーティーだ。

 

28日、伯母とちえが来た。中風の灸で出府したいとのこと。翌日、兵右衛門の母や芝次が同行して出府。

彼女らは２日に江戸から戻り、伯母とちえは、兵右衛門宅で一泊して帰る。

ところが、４日、“母不快”。せっかく江戸まで灸に行ったのに。

 


６月

12日、雨乞いの相談。一昨年は水害、今年は日照りだ。

“御雷”へ代参者を送った。２日間の旅だったので、遠くはない場所だ。

 

15日は定例の休日、16日は“御雷雨乞休日”。

雷公大明神へ神酒を供える。以降５日間、雷雨があり、霊験あらたか。

しかし、残念ながら、この年も不作だった。

 

17日は、御知行一統休日。同じ領主の村々が休日。婚礼のお祝いで、酒も吞んだ。３連休だ。

 

26日、孫市と半左衛門が、大山参詣（雨乞いの神さま）に出立。村は旅の安全を願い休日。今年の雨乞いは大切だ。

30日に帰村。往復200km、１日平均40km。雨の日もあり、タフな旅だが、遠出は楽しかったに違いない。

 

 

Previous post  (Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 10（千葉県流山の名主日記): Religious events such as Kousin-kou (April, 1804)、庚申講など信仰の行事（文化元年４月）

Next post (Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 12（千葉県流山の名主日記): Bon and Autumn Festivals (July to September, 1804)、盆と秋祭り（文化元年7~9月）(coming soon)

 

 

The first article in this series (from 1802 to 1848)、シリーズ（1802年から1848年）最初の記事 : Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 1（千葉県流山の名主日記）

 

The first article of the diary from 1849 to 1864, fifty-three articles in total、1849年から1864年の日記（53記事）の最初の記事： Yoshino’s daily life 01, About Yoshino and background 吉野家とその頃

 


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