Skip to main content

Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 12（千葉県流山の名主日記）

Bon and Autumn Festivals (July to September, 1804)、盆と秋祭り（文化元年7~9月）


Bon dance performed for the spirits of ancestors and ourselves、近所の盆踊り

 

July, 1804

From the 13th to the 15th, there were Bon rituals (to pay respect to the spirits of ancestors returning home).

16th, there was the Segaki ritual which was held for unfortunate spirits.

 

It's interesting that the 17th and 18th were holidays after Bon.

I guess it was held due to recover fatigue from gatherings and drinking. The five-day holiday was similar to today; it's long.

 

18th and 20th, books were aired out; but it rained on the 20th. A mystery.

 

28th, a messenger arrived from his lord.

"Katsuzaemon is ill and has requested to resign. Therefore, I would like to discuss this with you. Please come to Edo (old name of Tokyo)." It was a human resource issue.

The messenger stayed at the house of Hyōemon, who wrote this diary.

 

 

August

2nd, Hyōemon went to Edo. He returned home on the 12th.

During his stay in Edo, only the weather was recorded.

 

16th, he went to Edo again. He returned on the 5th of the following month.

The lord seemed to rely on Hyōemon.

Unfortunately, this diary does not reveal what kind of work he was doing. Generally, other files (official records "Goyo-dome") did them. They compiled documents such as letters from a lord and records of official duties inside and outside a village. Many official records remain. On the other hand, diaries are private records; not everyone kept it.


29th, the Tone River was full.

30th, it seems that water flowed from another village, causing flooding in Yokosuka Village.

On the 16th of the following month, at the request of the lord, Hyōemon went to inspect the extent of the damage.

Capable men are busy, then and now.

 

 

September

Although it was before the rice harvesting, festivals were held in villages in the area.

 

8th, guests came to Hyōemon's house for the festival. Three from Ōmuro Village, two from Kashiwa Village, and three from Hiregasaki Village. They were relatives.

9th, twelve Kagura were performed at the guardian shrine.

This was probably Kagura dance consisting of 12 pieces based on myths. At the Shinmei Shrine in Kashiwa, it is still performed every year on October 17th.

 

The guardian shrine of Hyōemon village、古間木村の鎮守でもある思井の熊野神社


 11th, his wife and two children went to the festival in Hiregasaki Village. It was a mutual visit.

 

18th, Hyōzō went to his village and returned the next day. Mino went to her village for the festival and returned two days later. Festivals were held in many villages.

 

19th, his mother, Chiyo, Shun, and Fusaji went to the Kashiwa Festival.

 

25th, his wife, Shun, and Nayo went to the Shiba-Ji family's house for the Himachi (waiting-sun event), returning on the 27th. This was likely his wife's family home.

 

On this day, Hyōemon visited Nishimata's house, then went to Hongaku-ji Temple and Heisuke's shop. He was probably going out for drinks with friends. This was the same route as when Nishimata brought souvenirs from Ise Shrine on March 14th.


A festival often included theatrical performances and other entertainment; food stalls were set up. It was a village's most anticipated event.
Btw, travel was on foot back then. So, people walked to a village where a festival was held, and stayed at relatives' houses. Especially for the festival in their parents' village, those who had left for marriage or work would return and stay at their parents' house. The children they brought were cousins. Festival served as an opportunity to strengthen family bonds.


29th, a bowl merchant from Kishu (Wakayama Prefecture at present) came. Hyōemon promised to buy red bowls for rituals.

At Negoro and Sumie in Wakayama Prefecture in western Japan, lacquerware has been made for a long time. However, it has not been the major production areas like Aizu and Wajima. Nevertheless, the merchant made the effort to come all the way to Chiba Prefecture in eastern Japan to sell his products.

 

On this day, Tatsunosuke the sawyer came. He worked until the 4th of the following month.

Surprisingly, on the 4th, Jinpachi from Hiregasaki Village came to buy Tatsunosuke's old saw.

Saws were valuable items back then.

 

 

Japanese saws、製材用の鋸は大きいです

 

 

７月

13日から15日まで盆行事、16日は施餓鬼。

17、18日が盆後休日というのが興味深い。集まり疲れ・呑み疲れかな。今と同程度の５連休だった。

18日と20日に書物の虫干しをしているが、20日は雨。謎だ。

 

28日、御屋敷から飛脚。「勝左衛門が病気で退職を願い出ている。ついては、相談したく、出府するように」とのこと。人事の相談だ。

飛脚は、この日記を書いた兵右衛門宅に泊まった。

 


８月

２日、兵右衛門は出府。12日に帰宅。

在府中は、天気のみが書かれている。

16日に再び出府。戻るのは翌月５日。

兵右衛門は、御屋敷の信頼が篤いようだ。

日記の情報だけでは、残念ながら、どのような業務だったのかはわからない。領主からの手紙や村内外の公務記録などの文書は、通常、「御用留」としてまとめられ、多くの文書が残っている。一方、日記は、私的な記録で、誰もが書いていたものではない。

 

29日、利根川が満水。

30日、他村から水が流れたようで、横須賀村が水損。

翌月16日、御屋敷からの依頼で、兵右衛門は被害状況の見分に行く。

できる男は今も昔も忙しい。。

 

 

９月

稲刈り前の穏やかなシーズン。村々で祭が執り行われた。

兵右衛門宅には、８日に祭客が来る。大室から３人、柏２人、鰭ヶ崎３人。親戚だ。

９日、“鎮守へ十二座神楽上る”と書かれている。

多分、天岩戸など神話をもとにした12曲からなる神楽だ。柏の神明社では、今でも毎年10月17日に奉納されている。

 11日、妻としゅんちゃん、房次くんが鰭ヶ崎の“酉のまち（まつり）”に行った。相互訪問だ。

18日、兵蔵は高田に行き、翌日帰宅。みのは篠籠田祭へ行き、翌々日帰宅。

19日、母とちよ、しゅんちゃん、房次くんが柏祭へ。

25日、芝次家での日待に、妻、しゅんちゃん、なよちゃんが行き、27日に帰る。妻の実家だろう。

この日、兵右衛門は、西又宅から、本覚寺、平助店へ。気の合う仲間と飲み会だ。３月14日に西又が伊勢土産を持って来たときと同じコース。

祭りでは芝居などの余興があり、屋台も出店していた。みんなが楽しみにしている、村一番のイベントだった。
当時は、交通手段が徒歩だったので、祭りがある村に行き、親戚の家に泊る。特に、親元の村の祭りには、結婚や仕事で村を出た者たちが戻って、実家（両親の家）に泊まる。連れて来た子どもたちは、いとこ同士だ。祭りは、親戚の絆を強める機会になっていた。

 

29日、紀州の椀屋が来て、奉謝用の赤椀など買う約束をした。

和歌山県の根来や墨江では、昔から漆器が作られている。会津や輪島が漆器の主要産地だが、彼らは頑張って千葉まで売りに来たのだ。

 

この日、木挽きの辰之助が来た。翌月４日まで通う。

驚いたのは、４日に鰭ヶ崎の甚八が辰之助の古鋸を買いに来たこと。鋸は貴重品だったのだ。

職人の様子が少し分かる。

 

  

Previous post  (Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 11（千葉県流山の名主日記): Busy farming season started (May and June, 1804)、農作業が本格化（文化元年5・6月）

Next post (Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 13（千葉県流山の名主日記): Daughter contracted smallpox (October to December, 1804)、疱瘡にかかった娘（文化元年10~12月）(coming soon)

 

 

The first article in this series (from 1802 to 1848)、シリーズ（1802年から1848年）最初の記事 : Peaceful days and funs of a village head in 19th century, part 1（千葉県流山の名主日記）

 

The first article of the diary from 1849 to 1864, fifty-three articles in total、1849年から1864年の日記（53記事）の最初の記事： Yoshino’s daily life 01, About Yoshino and background 吉野家とその頃

 

 

ラベル:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

江戸・明治の性愛の楽しみ

性愛については、赤裸々に書き残す人は少なく、隠語で書かれていることが多いといいます。そりゃそうですよね。でも、いくつかの本には、江戸・明治の人々が性愛をどのように楽しんでいたかが書かれています。私が読んだのはほんの数冊ですが、その中から紹介します。ここでは、ビジネスとしての性愛や同性愛ではなく、日常の男女間の性愛を対象にします。人間に欠かせない楽しみですもんね。 ところで、今回は、英文を作れませんでした。私の英語力ではとても対応できない内容なので、英文作成に協力していただけるようでしたら、ぜひ、お声かけ下さい。 （ This article “Fun of   the eros （性愛） ” is written only in Japanese , because it is too difficult for me to write in English due to lack of vocabulary about eros. If you kindly help me, please let me know. ） 古代に書かれた出雲国の風土記には、忌部の温泉に老若男女が集まって市を作り「燕楽（ウタゲ）」をしたことが書かれています。また、常陸国の風土記には、筑波山でカガイがあり、春と秋に、飲食物を携えて山に登り、自由に情交を結んだことが書かれています（「宴と日本人」、伊藤幹治、 1984 ）。男女が楽しむのは、自然の成り行きですね。   江戸･明治の性愛の形 「売笑三千年史」（中山太郎 _1956 ）から、どんな形で性愛を楽しんでいたかを紹介します。この本は、神話の時代から明治時代までの売笑の歴史を書いた一級品の本だと思います。「売笑」は、「報酬を得るために多数の異性に対し、継続的に許す」ということだそうです。売笑の説明に入る前に、一般の人々の性愛活動について書かれています（第一章、第二節「婚姻の種々相と売笑の発生的関係」）。 「江戸・明治の性愛の形」（本項）は、主に、そこから紹介します。   【共同婚（乱婚）という習俗】 女性は特定の男性に独占されていませんでした。男性も、どの女性とでも OK でした。 天下の五奇祭のうち、洛北大原社の雑魚寝、近江筑摩社の鍋被り祭り、越中鵜坂社の尻たたき祭り...
Post a Comment
Read more

The Great Yoshiwara (published in 2018)　吉原はスゴイ

吉原はスゴイ‐江戸文化を育んだ魅惑の遊郭（堀口茉純、 2018 ） 人の楽しみの発見度： Excellent ★★★  This book is written about an authorized red-light district Yoshiwara which was in Edo (old name of Tokyo). There are many pictures in this book and you can understand all about Yoshiwara by this small book.  The author is a pretty actress who is devoted to Japanese history especially Edo city (https://hoollii.com/). She tries to depict the contribution of Yoshiwara to foster Edo culture. Yoshiwara by Kunisada,  新よし原尾州楼かり / 国貞 http://www.ndl.go.jp/landmarks/details/detail274.html?sights=shinyoshiwara;tokyo=taito 、国会図書館 この本は、ほぼすべてのページに浮世絵などの挿絵がある。 　前書きで、著者は遊女たちが過酷な労働環境で性的サービスを提供したというブラックな事実を踏まえつつも、江戸文化の形成に貢献したポジティブな側面を伝えたい、と記している。 　著者の堀口さんは、執筆時 35 歳の和服が似合う美しい方、 2008 年、江戸文化歴史検定 1 級に史上最年少の 25 歳で合格し「お江戸ル」と称している（ https://hoollii.com/ ）。遊郭・吉原の全てをコンパクトに纏めた良い本だ。 1.     What is Yoshiwara?  Yoshiwara was north of Edo city and surrounded by  rice fields. The  area was ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Life in Edo, old Tokyo (published in 1959) 江戸生活事典

Very good : ★★★  (this is a long and interesting page)   Various entertainments at Edo or old Tokyo in the  Edo period are written in this book. I found a lot of fun here. I focus on the fun of common people, so I put aside the fun of Daimyo loads , samurais and rich merchants in this book.   In terms of people’s fun, Edo was the paradise definitely. There were a lot of funs in day time and night time. Edo attracted people especially from the country side. I started from my favorite chapter. 　三田村鳶魚（えんぎょ）の著作を事典にしたもの。江戸の生活の様々な楽しみが書かれていて、発見が多い。ここでは庶民の楽しみにフォーカスし、大名、武士、大店の主の楽しみは拾わなかった。 　 人の楽しみの面からみると、まさに、江戸はパラダイス。昼も夜も出会いも、いろいろなものがあって、人を地方からも引き付ける。 気に入った章別にピックアップしていく。  Edo or old Tokyo was very busy city, 熈 代勝覧＠三越前 Chapter 7: Daily lives、 風俗概要 (1)   Seasonal recreation、遊楽  Seasonal recreations are written at first. On the New Year’s Day, people went out to see the sunrise. Also winter is a good season to see Mt.Fuji . ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Travel of Isabella L. Bird in 1878, part 1　イザベラバードが見た明治初期の日本（1）

Arrival and visiting Asakusa 日本着、そして浅草訪問   Isabella arrived at Yokohama, near Tokyo, in May of 1878.   She travelled northern Japan including Hokkaido and western Japan including Ise mainly by rickshaw , then she left Japan in December. This diary was written as letters to her younger sister.  She described in detail, so we can understand what happened clearly.  She was 46 when she came to Japan, and she hired Japanese lad as an interpreter. I admire her coura ge because she was the first lady foreigner to visit inland.  This book is stored up in many libraries and Manga version was issued.  She observed various things such as behaviors of Japanese people, plants and stratums meticulously and she elaborated on scenic beauty. I leave those matters to other authors, I would like to focus on the fun of old Japanese which she saw in Japan.   The photo of Isabella in 1896 from the exhibition “Voyage of Unbeaten Tracks in Japan” 、1 896 年の...
Post a Comment
Read more

Kaidou (Highway) and Shukuba (Post town) 街道と宿場

  “Kaidou” is translated as a highway or a walking route. There were no cars in the Edo period , and there were almost no cars in the Meiji period too, so pedestrians and horses moved on the highway mainly. “Kai” is a city or town, and “dou” is a road, so “kai-dou” means not only a highway but also towns where people touched and treated travelers from other area.  Unno post town on the kaidou, 北国街道・海野宿 Ohuchi post village, 会津西街道・大内宿 　Kaidous were constructed from the 7 th century. Kaidous were systems which supported transportation and logistics, and they were rest area for travelers. From the 17 th century, Tokugawa shogunate developed the network of the kaidous very well, so people could travel across Japan easily.   In the Japanese textbook for high school students, kaidous were explained as follows. - Tokugawa shogunate developed the kaidou system. They managed the five major kaidous directly; their starting points were Edo(Tokyo).   There...
Post a Comment
Read more