April: Rice planting
On the 6th, they started rice
planting. 6 people were engaged in this hard work. It continued until the 3rd
of May. There are many songs and dances for the rice planting. Songs and dances maybe mitigated hardships (Rice Farming Process and Annual Events). They harvested wheat at the same time.
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| Rice planting @ Ichikawa history museum、田植＠市川歴史博物館 |
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| Festival of the rice field in Shima @ National Museum of Ethnology 三重県志摩市の伊雑宮（いざわのみや）御田植祭り＠国立民族学博物館 |
On the 9th, Okono went to Mama
Tekona Shrine with the villagers. Tekona-kou was held so often. It was the Kou
for women which attributed to legendary beautiful and tragic lady Tekona. (Kou in Nagareyama 2.Tekona-Kou; Kou for women and children)
・4月（田植）
20日からは、6人での田植が始まる。5月1日の入梅の日を挟んで、3日頃まで続く。同時に、麦刈りも始まる。手作業での田植は重労働だ。各地に、田植の時に歌う田植唄や踊りが残っている。少しでも、楽しみたいものだ。（稲作と年中行事）
9日、真間手児奈明神へおこのが参詣、村人と同道している。8km離れた市川の手児奈霊神堂だろう。手児奈講も良く催されている。伝説の美人・手児奈にちなんだ、女性と子供が中心の講だという（流山の講 2.Tekona-Kou; Kou for women and children)。
May: Rice planting, wheat harvesting and threshing
They continued farming. They
took a rest in the afternoon on the 12th and the 13th of
May which was a summer solstice. On the 15th, it was written “Sanaburi
started today.” “Sanaburi” is a celebration for finishing the rice planting work. They also took
a rest in the afternoon on the 16th and 17th. Their holiday
increased. They finally finished rice planting, wheat harvesting and threshing.
・5月（田植、麦刈り、麦打ち）
上旬は、農作業が続く。13日に夏至となり、12日、13日は昼より手休め、15日には、今日から早稲振（さなぶり、田植後のお祝い）と書かれている。16日、17日は昼より早稲振休日と続き、重労働後の休みが増える。田植と麦刈り、麦打ちが終わって一段落なのだろう。
June: Change of the village head, Manufacturing soy
source and Visiting Oyama
On the 1st day of this month, the
funeral of the village head K. Nakamura was held. Yoshino attended the meeting in which Benjiro Nakamura was chosen as a successor. B.
Nakamura went to the lord’s resident in Edo on the 15th. He was assigned as a new village head and then he got back the village on the 17th.
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The house of the village head, Sakano’s house in Ibaraki、坂野家住宅＠茨城県
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On the 12th, they started
manufacturing soy sauce, then they started fermentation on the 20th. There
are many fermented food in Japan, such as sake (alcohol) and miso-paste. Most of them begin fermentation in the cold season because it is easy to prevent microbial contamination, however I wonder why they started fermentation during the hot season.
On the 26th, they took a rest in
the afternoon, because someone left for Oyama. On the 2nd of July, they took a rest again. It was written “Mr. Sakushichi started walking to Oyama Shrine.” When someone left the village and went to shrines as a delegate, people had a send-off party and took a rest after that. When the delegate returned, people had a party again and had a holiday. They
were not so busy after rice planting season, so it was a traveling time for farmers
despite the hot weather (The history of travel of Japanese ordinary people 2/2
4. Actual state of people’s travel (7) Season for traveling). Oyama is about
80km away from their village.
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| Mt. Oyama、大山（神奈川県） |
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| Oyama Ahuri Shrine、大山阿夫利神社 |
・6月（名主交代と醤油作り、大山参り）
月初めに、名主の中村勘右衛門の葬式があった。その後、主を含めて相談が行われ、名主跡役が辨次郎に決まり、調印された。中村辨次郎は15日に出府、名主役を申し付かって17日に戻っている。
12日に醤油麦焚き、翌日、醤油豆焚き、20日に醤油仕込み、とある。寒い時期に仕込んで暑い時期に発酵させるのが一般的なようなので、この暑い時期に仕込むのは不思議である。
26日に、「昼より大山参休日」とある。7月2日には「作七、大山参詣出立につき、昼から休日」と記録されている。26日も誰かが出発したのだろう。農作業一段落し、農民が旅に出る季節となる(庶民と旅の歴史 PartⅡ、4章（7）旅の季節)。暑い時期の旅だ。大山と吉野家がある流山は約80ｋｍ離れている。
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