April、4月
On the 1st,
Riuemon came with a catfish. People eat catfish in this area, but I
think on that day was the first time since 1849 that this fish was introduced, so it was special.
On the 5th,
Choubei’s house in Kanasugi village was burned. The master visited soon, but he
didn’t contact afterwards. It was different from the fire in Nonoshita village
last month which his pals went to help; Kanasugi was out of the mutual aid
area.
Btw,
there were already two fires. It was a dry season, because they had a ritual
for rain at the temple in Omoi on the 23rd. People gathered from six
villages, and drank sake (alcohol) from the ritual. The offering money was
written; member of a middle-sized village (several hundreds of people lived) paid around 1000 mon which was equivalent to
several hundred dollars in current value. The amount of donation is similar to
it of nowadays. It rained a bit since 10 am on this day, and rainy days
increased after the ritual. It’s good!
Ritual articles for rain、雨乞い行事＠Saitama Prefectural Museum
of History and Folklore 埼玉県立歴史と民俗の博物館
1日、「半田利右衛門、なまず持ち来」。この辺りでは、なまずを食べますが、「なまず」は初めての記載だと思います。特別なご馳走なのかも知れません。
5日、「金杉長兵衛焼失、即刻見舞に行く」とありますが、3月の野々下の火事と違い、その後のやり取りはありません。金杉は互助の範囲ではないのですね。
すでに、火事が2件です。この年は乾燥していました。というのは、23日に、雨乞い祈祷が行われています。思井の薬師院に六か村が集まり、神酒をいただき（お寺だけど）ました。費用が書かれています。高一石につき三文五分。村の石高に応じたお布施だと思いますが、300石の村で約1000文。人足の日当が300文（4/14支払い）なので、村ごとに数万円包んだ感じでしょうか。今の感覚に近いです。この日は、10時頃から小雨で、その後も、雨の日が増えています。良かった。
From the
13th to the 17th, he dispatched workers to the horse
capturing event at the shogunate’s
stock farm as usual. The event started unusually late because
cultivating had started already on the 4th. I wonder if it was an
influence of U.S. fleet. On the 17th, the master visited the event
with his children. Meanwhile, a samurai (Mr. Hirai) came to his house on the 16th,
and left on the 17th. The master probably showed him around. Good
job?
Horse capturing and visitors、野馬捕りの絵馬（部分）＠Matsudo
Museum 松戸市立博物館
13～17日、野馬捕りに人を出しました。4日に田うないが始まり、農作業が本格化していますから、例年より遅いです。駐留する米艦隊の影響でしょうか。17日に主が子供を連れて野馬捕りの見物に行ってます。16日に、お屋敷から平井右兵次さんが来て、17日に帰っていますから、彼も野馬捕り見物でしょう。主人はアテンドだったようです。お疲れ様でした。
On the
28th, he wrote about the influence of the U.S. fleet. “Many lords
asked people of their territories to pay more tax and to dispatch workers. On
the other hand, our lord didn’t require us anything. Therefore, the people
of the lands voluntarily offered money to the lord as an expression of their
gratitude. They had an ideal relationship. Villagers gathered this day, ate
soba noodles and drank sake. Plus, they took a half-day off in the afternoon.
Btw, they found a chance to drink always. It was a nice break before the
busiest rice planting season.
28日、「異国船の一件、他の御屋敷は御用金や人夫の要請を出しているが、我々の御屋敷からは沙汰がなくありがたい」ということで、知行の村々から冥加お見舞いを差し上げました。領主と村がいい関係です。この日は、村中集まって、御神酒と蕎麦をいただき、昼から休日にしたとあります。それにしても、何かにつけて、飲んでいますね。もうすぐ、田植えのシーズンなので、その前の一息かも知れません。
May、5月
The woman
who stationed at ryo (community center) moved to Kazusa (central Chiba). It was
written, “She has taken care of us for a long time, therefore I gathered
villagers and treated them sake.” They gathered often which made their
bond strong; it was nuisance in some aspects, but it strengthened their bond
which derived mutual aid such as welfare and safety of the village, I think. However,
the custom is diminishing after we started working at a city area, not farming at
a living place.
6日、寮（神社にある集会所のような所だと思います）に居た女性が、上総（千葉県中央部）の方へ引っ越します。「永々世話に相成り候に付き、村中呼び、酒振る舞い」ます。村人が何かにつけて集まります、いいですねえ。面倒だけど、福祉や治安面での効果があったと思います。人々が村の中で働かなくなった今では、失われた活動です。
On the 11th,
a rice planting, which was a hardest farming work, started. It finished
on the 27th which was the summer solstice day.
11日、田植え始め。主を始め6人です。27日の夏至に吉野家の田植えは終わりました。
June、6月
On the 1st,
U.S. fleet left Japan after Perry succeeded to concluded the treaty to
supply foods and fuel. They stayed for four months, so they landed, traveled
and made records.
On the 5th,
villagers had Sanaburi half-day holiday which was held after all villagers completed
rice planting.
On the 14th, his mother visited Kizaemon and gave soumen noodle to him. It was also a first appearance of “soumen” on his diary since 1849. They made udon noodle by themselves, but I’m not sure whether they made soumen or bought it, because it is very thin and particular equipment is needed to make it. Actually, Kizaemon passed away on the 22nd. I guess she selected soumen because it is easy to eat.
Soumen and Udon which are made from wheat
flour; Soba which is made from buckwheat flour、素麺写真(https://publicdomainq.net/somen-japanese-noodle-0035759/）
1日、条約を結び、ペリーは出航しました。四ヶ月半の駐留でした。上陸し、日本の記録を残しています。
5日、佐奈振（さなぶり）で、昼からお休み。村中の田植えが終わりました。
14日、母が素麺を持って喜左衛門さんを見舞に行きます。素麺の記載も初めてです。饂飩は自分で打ったようですが、素麺は買ったのでしょうか。実は、喜左衛門さんは22日に亡くなっているので食べやすい素麺にしたのかも知れません。
On the
24th, they took a half-day off in the afternoon, because
Shichizaemon departed for Mt. Fuji, which was a pilgrimage. Mt. Fuji
is 120km away from their village and it was a just ten-day trip by foot
which was same duration with other pilgrims who went before. I guess they didn’t
have enough time to visit other tourist attractions such as Enoshima island. He
visited the master on the 4th of next month and gave him a gift.
Mt. Fuji in summer、三保の松原から
24日、富士山参りで午後から休みです。七左衛門さんが、翌月3日に帰村しています。4日にお土産を持ってきてくれました。10日間の徒歩旅行ですね。以前参詣した人達もそうです。直線で往復240ｋｍ、箱根や江ノ島でゆっくりする時間はなさそうです。帰村を祝いで、この日は午後から休みです。
July、7月
On the 8th
and 9th, he dried his books to prevent damage from insects.
He had Bon
ritual as usual to pray for ancestors in the mid-July.
On the 26th, his farther and he were invited to the ceremony of raising the framework of Jisaburou house. There would be the same ceremony of Shigesaburou house for retirement on the 14th of next month. I didn’t know that they built house in this season which was between planting and harvesting. Villagers probably helped professional carpenters.
8日、9日、書物虫干し。
中旬はお盆。
26日、「次三郎方棟上げで、神酒にて父子呼ばれて行く」。この時期に家を作るのですね。翌月14日には、重三郎さんの隠宅の棟上げをしています。暑いけど、田植えを刈り入れの間です。職人だけでなく村人も手助けしたようです。
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Next post: Yoshino’s daily life 31 (Jul. to Sep. in 1854、嘉永7年閏7月～9月）
Yoshino’s
daily life 01, About Yoshino and background 吉野家とその頃
Yoshino’s
daily life 02, Life and fun of Yoshino family 吉野家の暮らしと楽しみ
The details
of their live which includes farming and visiting neighbors are written in
No.13 - No.25 (1851)、農事や近所付き合いを含む日々の詳細は1851年の日記の記事（No.13～25）に記載しています。
Yoshino’s
daily life 13, The first half of January in 1851（嘉永4年1月前半）
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