Published
in 1981(book 1) and 1988(book 2)、上巻（1981年出版）と下巻（1988年出版）
人の楽しみの発見度：Excellent ★★★
Arima
Onsen is one of the three great hot springs in Japan. It is near Kyoto which was a capital more than a millennium from 794,
and near Osaka which was the economic center for a long time. This book quotes
passages from various documents and sorts in chronological order; it is a
really painstaking work.
Emperor Jomei visited Arima in September,
631 and in October, 638. It was so long time ago and autumn might be a good
season to visit. M. Fujiwara and Y. Fujiwara, who were the most powerful
noblemen in the Heian period (794-1185), also visited in autumn. Noble class
held a poetry party back then. In the 16th century, the ruler
Hideyoshi Toyotomi, who was a samurai warrior, visited frequently. In the Edo period (1603-1868), many ordinary people
rushed there to enjoy onsen hot spring cure which has a broad range of efficacy. |
Poster of Arima Hot Springs Tourism Association (https://visit.arima-onsen.com/）、有馬温泉観光協会のポスター＠新神戸駅（2019）
|
有馬温泉に関する様々な文献を集め、発行年順に並べた労作。舒明天皇が、631年9月と638年10月に行幸したと日本書紀に記されている。藤原道長、頼通も訪ねているが、何れも秋。貴族の歌会が催されている。時代下って、豊臣秀吉も度々訪れた。江戸時代に入ると多くの庶民が訪れ、楽しんでいる。
Hot spring cure of the noble class 貴族の湯治
Teika (or Sadaie) Fujiwara was nobly born in 1162 and one of the most famous poets in Japan. He visited Arima at least three times and recorded the trips in his diary (Meigetuki). It was around 8-day stay.
藤原定家は、1162年生まれ、小倉百人一首の撰者で最も有名な歌人の一人だ。頻繁に有馬温泉を訪れて、日記（明月記）に記している。定家の有馬への旅が少なくとも三回記載されている。八日間ほどの滞在である。
No
|
Year
|
Travel
duration*
旅行期間
|
Stay
at Arima*
有馬滞在
|
His
age
年齢
|
1
|
1205
|
7/Jul(Uruu)-16/Jul
|
8/Jul(Uruu)-15/Jul
|
43
|
2
|
1208
|
6/Oct-17/Oct
|
7/Oct-15/Oct
|
46
|
3
|
1212
|
21/Jan-2/Feb
|
22/Jan-29/Jan
|
50
|
 |
T.
Fujiwara on the Japanese traditional and polular card game “Hyakunin(one hundred
people)-isshu (one poem)、百人一首の定家
|
In 1214, he created a poem called a tanka in
Japanese.
Arimayama orosu-arashino sabisikini
kasumi-hurunari inano-sasahara(Storm wind in Arima / It’s desolate / The fog come down into bamboo grass field of Ina)
It expressed so bleak landscape, but he fully enjoyed onsen with his acquaintances. I cite his journey in October, 1208. My comments are written in brackets.
On the 5th, sunny weather. Applied for permission to go to Arima.
(5th of October in a lunar calendar
is 14th of November in a solar calendar.)
On the 6th, sunny day but strong wind. Left Kyoto at 8 am, got on the ship. Arrived at Suita (Osaka) in the evening.
On the 6th, sunny day but strong wind. Left Kyoto at 8 am, got on the ship. Arrived at Suita (Osaka) in the evening.
On
the 7th, sunny day. Left at dawn and arrived
at Arima (He wrote “Hot-spring-mountain”) before 2 pm. Took a bath soon
after his arrival (I understand his excitement.)
Other noblemen also stayed in Arima and they played together.
Other noblemen also stayed in Arima and they played together.
On
the 8th, rainy day. Sanjo and his son (who were in the higher
position than he) left for Kyoto. (They departed despite of the rainy day; they
were busy even in the 13th century.)
T. Fujiwara had no time to take a bath in the evening, so he took bath at night for a short time. (Probably he was busy seeing Sanjo off or with other events.)
T. Fujiwara had no time to take a bath in the evening, so he took bath at night for a short time. (Probably he was busy seeing Sanjo off or with other events.)
On
the 9th, sunny day. Some of his acquaintances came to Arima, and
some left.
Took a bath for a short time around 4 pm.
Took a bath for a short time around 4 pm.
On the 10th, sunny day. Took
a bath around 6 pm.
On the 11th, sunny day. (He
went to the bathhouse and probably took a bath by himself.)
On the 12th, took a bath three
times around 4 am, noon and midnight.
(he took a bath even late at night.)
(he took a bath even late at night.)
On the 13th, sunny day. Took a bath
around 4 pm and 10 pm.
On the 14th. It passed seven
days. (I couldn’t understand the meaning of his description hereafter. I recon he
didn’t suffer from any bad effect of the hot spring.)On the 15th, sunny day but windy. Hold torches and left Arima. Arrived at Kyoto around 4 pm. (It was a really rapid trip. He wanted to stay at Arima as long as possible, I think.)
It is
written in the other document that Emperor Gosaga ordered to bring Arima water
to the palace for him to taok a bath with Arima water. It is interesting and I can say Arima onsen
is very popular for a long time. Arima onsen had already established its
BRAND as a must-visit spot among the noble class.
 |
| Kyoto Imperial Palace、京都御所 |
定家は1214年（健保2）に、
有馬山 おろす嵐の 寂しきに 霞ふるなり ゐなのささ原
と寂寥感があふれる歌を詠んでいるが、実は、温泉三昧、そして、有馬には貴族が集まってきて賑やかだった。1208年の有馬行きの詳細は下記の通り。
10/5 晴 湯山に下向することを（役所に？）申請。新暦では11月14日に相当する日だ。
10/6 晴（風烈しい） 辰時（午前8時頃）に出京、乗船、「今夜着 水田宿」（吹田宿に泊まる）
10/7 晴 暁、出路。申時始（16時前）着湯山。「即浴之、暁又浴」とあり、早速入浴。気持ちが分かる。他の貴族も同宿のようだ。「有鷹犬之遊云々」とあり、何かをして遊んだのかも知れない。
10/8 雨 三条実房父子が帰京する。雨でも帰るので、当時も仕事が忙しかったのか。「不得隙夕浴 又夜半浴」とあり、見送りの関連行事で夕浴まで暇がなかったのだろうか。夜に半浴とあり、入浴に単位があったようだ。
10/9 晴 有馬に来た人、帰った人があったようだ。「申時（16時頃）夜半浴」
10/10 晴 「酉時（18時頃）夜中浴」
10/11 晴 「浴」の表記は、「入湯屋任意浴之」のみ。
10/12 晴 「寅午子時三度浴」ということで、4時、12時、24時の入浴のようだ。深夜にも入浴する。
10/13 晴 「申時亥時 浴」とあり、16時と22時に入浴している。
10/14 晴 「七日過了、無其隙強不浴」とあるが、私には意味が掴めないが、湯当たりで入浴できないことはなかったと言うことだろうか。
10/15 晴（風烈しい） 松明持って出発。亥時（16時）帰京。ということで、帰りは一日で京都まで駆けたようだ。
他の文献の特筆すべき記載として、後嵯峨上皇が、「有馬湯を御所に汲み寄せて、浴せらる」（経俊卿記、1253年）など湯を持ってこさせた記録が残っており、有馬温泉は貴族の間でブランドを確立していた。
 |
Historical documents of Arima Onsen hot spring
resort book 1 & 2、有馬温泉史料上巻下巻
|
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