Suzaka City is in Nagano prefecture
(central Japan), which prospered from the silk reeling industry. The museum
shows festival and history of Suzaka.
Btw, “Kasaboko”
means an ornamented umbrella (photo below). Those
leave museum and parade in the city on the first day of Gion Festival (21st of
July).
須坂市は長野県北部にあり、製糸業で栄えた町です。1階(上)に、祇園祭初日の7月21日に巡行する笠鉾や屋台(山車)が展示されています。ここから街へ繰り出すのだそうですよ。
また、近世以降の須坂の人々の生活や須坂藩主・堀氏に関する展示室があります。祭りなどを通して、京都への憧れを感じました。
Eleven Kasaboko floats follow the portable shrine and go around the city.
笠鉾の巡行。11基でお神輿を警護する形で町を練り歩きます。
The float between Kasaboko is used as a stage for dancing.
笠鉾の間に見えるのが中町の屋台。屋台は踊り舞台として祭りを盛り上げます。
People gather around the float. It’s so vital!
屋台の廻りに集まる人々。製糸業で富も活気もあふれていたときかもしれません。
The road from the museum to the shrine (Shibamiya of Sumisaka Shrine) wherein the festival is held.
博物館玄関から祭りが行われる墨坂神社芝宮への道。
3rd floor exhibition room (local government in the feudal era)、3階展示室(須坂藩)
Suzaka was ruled by Hori Clan in the Edo period (1603~1868). The domain was small; they didn’t have a castle.
須坂藩の堀氏は1万石の小藩。尾張の出身です。城はなく陣屋が政庁でしたが、1610年から幕末まで藩主を務めました。
The clan had 384 retainers in around 1841. Their titles and roles are listed. 148 samurai, 106 foot-soldiers, 47 maids and others worked for the local government. The table helps us the organization under a daimyo lord.
1841年頃の家臣団384人の職名と職務がわかりやすい一覧表になっています。騎乗を許されない徒士を含めて侍は148人(38%)、女中47人(12%)、足軽106人(28%)、隠居や町役人など83人(22%)でした。彼らが須坂を統治し、江戸の屋敷を運営しました。
2nd floor exhibition room (towners and farmers)、2階の展示室(町民や農民の暮らし)
The palanquin in center was the highest ranking one for commoners; a merchant used it. It is required to wear formal kimono while getting in it.
中央の駕籠は庶民用では最上級の法仙寺駕籠。乗るときは裃を着る必要がありました。須坂の商人が使っていたものです。
Life in farming village: Suzaka is on alluvial fan, which soil is too well-drained for rice farming, which was the most profitable crop. So, dry-field farming was a mainstream. The letter from the fourth-generation lord to his retainer (lower left) is interesting. He wrote, “Farmers don’t need to stop working while I go through. Don’t need to clean the road elaborately before I go through; it’s a busy farming season.” He knew people under his dominion well.
農村部の営み:須坂は扇状地で稲作に適さない土地が多く、畑作がさかんでした。左下は江戸からの帰途の4代藩主が家臣に宛てた手紙で、稲刈り時期なので自分が通るときも作業を続けるように、また、道の掃除もあらましでよい、と指示しています。農民が何をしているかを把握していたのですね。
Life in mountain village: the land is not suitable for rice farming. Millet, tobacco, cotton, rapeseed and so on were cultivated. There had been a sulfur mine, which brought cash income to villagers.
山村部の営み:雑穀の他にタバコ、木綿、菜種などの商品作物を作っていました。江戸時代から硫黄鉱山があり、農家の現金収入になっていました。
Postcards of the sulfur mine, which was run until 1973. It is a bit strange that workers’ daily lives were recorded as postcards. In the bagging process, women worked mainly. One thousand people lived at the peak time; there were entertainment facilities such as a movie theater.
鉱山の絵葉書。昭和48年に閉山するまで中外鉱業(株)が経営しました。日常生活が絵葉書なるのが何とも不思議です。袋詰めの仕事は女性が多いですね。ピーク時は1000人が暮らし、映画館などの娯楽施設もありました。
Education and Culture: Almost one hundred private schools for commoners from the late 18th century to 19th century were listed. Teachers and subjects in every school are also written. There were three female monks who taught reading and writing. The photo lower right shows two classrooms of the school owned by a doctor serving to the lord.
Some poets were also teachers, so cultural activities such as a poetry competition were held. Copies of two boards, on which 166 haiku poems were written, are also displayed. The first haiku poems of two boards were created Matsuo Basho (legendary poet) and the 11th lord. Those two were offered to the Sumisaka shrine in 1879. Other shrines also received many haiku poem boards. I can say haiku poem was popular in the city.
教育と文化:寺子屋の師匠の名前と学科がリスト化されています。尼僧が3人いて各々の寺子屋で読み書きを教えていました。女性の師匠もいたのですね。
寺子屋が開かれた藩医の住居(右下)も紹介されています。2階の10畳と5畳の部屋で教えました。
師匠には歌人もいて、歌会を開くなどの文化的な活動が行われました。展示ケースの反対側には、墨坂神社に明治12年に奉納された2枚の俳額(1枚目の最初は芭蕉の句、2枚目の最初は11代藩主の句、合計166句)が掲示されています。市内の社寺には多くの俳額が奉納され、俳句が盛んだったことがわかります。
Floods of Chikuma River (the longest in Japan) occurred 31 times in the Edo period (1603~1868). Life was not easy before flood control was established.
千曲川は江戸時代に31回の水害を起こしています。善光寺地震(1847)では地滑りで千曲川支流がせき止められ、決壊し大洪水になりました。治水が進む前は大変でした。
Visited in May, 2025
https://www.city.suzaka.nagano.jp/kasaboko/index.html (in Japanese. Automatic translation is attached), accessed in February of 2026
Previous post (main building of this museum): Suzaka
City Museum、須坂市立博物館
Next post (museum
in the nearby city):Nakano City Museum、中野市立博物館 (coming
soon)
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