Bunkyo ward in Tokyo developed into the city area in the Edo period (1603～1868). There were many residences of daimyo lords and samurai back then, however this museum shows us the lives of ordinary people well. People enjoyed seeing chrysanthemum dolls and joining a group which members worshipped Mt. Fuji. I submitted an application to the museum reception and took photos.
After watching movies which show us the historical outline of Bunkyo ward, we proceed to the ancient section.
映像紹介の後、古代への展示へ進みます。弥生式土器の発見は、コーナーになっています。
After the ancient section, there is the Edo period (17th to 19th century) one.
次のコーナーは、はや江戸時代です。
After the Edo shogunate was established in Tokyo, the city area had spread; Bunkyo ward became the urban area.
江戸後期には文京区は江戸の市街地になります。
Landscape of the city、まちの風景
The model on the right is the vegetable market at Komagome. It was run there more than three hundred years.
右側のジオラマは、「駒込のやっちゃば」、野菜市場です。昭和12年（1937年）に豊島青果市場に移るまで300年余り続きました。
Behind the stores, residents keep chickens (lower left).
商いをしている店の裏では、鶏を飼っています。
Two famous shops are introduced. Kaneyasu sold dental powder. Takasakiya was a liquor shop which expanded their business by its discount sales for cash.
この地の繁盛店二店です。中央は、「本郷もかねやすまでは江戸の内」といわれたカネヤス。歯磨き粉（乳香散）を売っていました。右は、酒店の高崎屋です。「現金安売り」で商売を広げました。
The picture above depicts Takasakiya in 1842. The luxurious shop and residence had to be downsized due to the new sumptuary regulation. The owner ordered to draw his house. He dispassionately wrote the circumstances on the lower left; I understand he was deeply disappointed to lose his property which was the evidence how he worked hard.
高崎屋絵図（天保13年/1842、複製）です。天保の改革で華美な住宅は縮小することになり、記念に絵を残しました。右下の文言は淡々と事情を書いていますが、汗水垂らして築いた財産、悔しかったでしょう。
The Fuji-kou is highlighted at the section of worships and entertainments of the Edo period. The members of Fuji-kou not only climbed Mt. Fuji but also had a religious party near their houses. It’s said there were many kou groups and eighty thousand members in total in Tokyo. However, there is no Fuji-kou in Bunkyo ward at present.
「江戸の信仰と娯楽」では、富士講が大きく取り上げられています。江戸に八百八講、講中八万人といわれたそうですが、今は文京区内で活動している富士講はないそうです。
The members built the memorial stone monument in 1930.
昭和５（1930）年に、富士講で記念碑を建てたときの写真です。
Many people gathered at Dango-zaka (dumpling-slope) to see chrysanthemum dolls in autumn. Dolls in various historical events were decorated by the flowers. It was a simple event but a joyful entertainment for the people back then. (Reference/chrysanthemum doll festival in Fukushima prefecture https://www.nihonmatsu-kanko.jp/?p=4879 )
団子坂では、明治時代まで、人形の体を菊で飾る菊人形を見せる小屋で賑わいました。二本松（福島県）では今も大規模な菊人形展が行われていますが、素朴なイベントですね。
In the following Meiji period (1868-1912), theaters and vaudevilles flourished. The model of Hongou-za and its flyer in 1906 are exhibited. Wakatake-tei (vaudeville) had eight hundred seats. Those are same entertainments with us.
江戸時代が終わって、演劇や寄席の時代へ。本郷座の模型（左）と1906年の出し物、800人を収容する寄席の若竹亭のパネル（右）、今と同じ楽しみ方ですね。
Many samurai lived in Bunkyo; their lives are introduced. Several thousands of samurai lived and worked at the Kaga-han’s residence which was ruled by the most powerful lord at that time. The box on the lower right was used during a business trip by the accounting samurai official of the shogunate. It has an abacus, inkstones (black and red), envelopes and so on. It is compact but looks heavy.
大名屋敷が多かった土地柄、武家の暮らしも紹介されています。小石川養生所の模型、多い時は3～4千人が居たという加賀藩邸の絵図（複製）など。
右下は、幕府勘定所の役人の出張道具「重硯」です。そろばん、黒の硯、朱の硯、半切り封筒などの箱がワンセットになっています。コンパクトですが重そう。
Culture in Bunkyo、文化の風景
There was the educational institution of the shogunate’s in the Edo period and writers lived in the following Meiji period. The picture on the lower left shows children who learned at a private school in the Edo period.
湯島聖堂、昌平坂学問所、樋口一葉ら当地に住んでいた文化人が紹介されています。左下は、教科書にも載っている、寺子屋の図。やんちゃな子供たちです。
The children started learning at a public elementary school in the Meiji period. The photo above shows the children around eighty years later. It was a war time, they evacuated to the countryside (1944-45). I’m sure their nature never changed; they were naughty.
寺子屋ではなく小学校で学ぶようになってから約80年後、戦時中（1944-45）に集団疎開をした小学生たち。やんちゃさは変わらなかったと信じています。
Visited in January, 2023
Official website: https://www.city.bunkyo.lg.jp/rekishikan/
(in Japanese), accessed in February, 2023
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