This museum exhibits not only the local history but
also people's daily life, so I could find a lot of fun of old ordinary Japanese here. There are also an ancient relic park and an old house near this museum which is in a
suburb north of Yokohama.
1. Ancient 古代
2. Medieval period 奈良・平安・鎌倉・室町時代
3. Edo period 江戸時代
It is written “After the mid-Edo period, people could afford to visit shrines at Mt.Fuji, Mt.Ooyama, Kamakura, Enoshima and so on.” The photo above shows backpack carriers to bring sake alcohol to Mt.Ooyama and to bring back the sacred water to their village which were made in 1832. It was amazing that people carried it and climbed up Mt.Ooyam, because I have climbed and I knew it wasn’t easy to do so.
横浜市の新興住宅地にあるが、古墳と古民家も隣接して展示されており歴史を感じる一帯になっている。また、歴史だけでなく人々の日々の生活がうまく展示されており、その中に楽しみを見つけられる。
1. Ancient 古代
Those are accessories which were used in the
Joumon period (more than three thousand years ago). People earned by hunting at
that time and it is said that they prayed for a successful catch. Ornaments for hair and ears, bracelets
and pendants are exhibited. Those are still charming.
縄文時代のアクセサリー:髪飾り、耳飾り、腕輪など様々なアクセサリー。狩猟生活の中で、豊かな恵みを祈る呪術や祭りに司る人が身に着けていたらしい。
The photo (1) above shows the model
of the Otsuka village in the Yayoi period (from 4th century B.C. to 3rd
century), there are houses on the hill and fields on the ground. The picture (2) is a
female cray doll and The picture (3) is ritual equipment (pole and sword). I felt people
prayed for just well-being of their families.
①大塚歳勝土の環濠集落ジオラマ。丘の上に集落があり、下に田んぼがあったとのこと。②女性をかたどった祭祀用の土偶、③男性性器を形どった祭りや呪術の道具である石棒と石剣。発展を願うというか、子孫ともども生きていくことを願う思いが伝わってくる。
The picture (1) is a yearly schedule in the Yayoi period. The kinds of produce were not many. The picture (2) shows a ring, a bracelet and an ornamental
hairpin. The picture (3) is animal bones which were used in a fortune-telling ritual.
①弥生時代の生活カレンダー、年間の仕事だが、稲と狩猟で作物のバリエーションは少ない。②磯子区で発掘された指輪、腕輪、簪、③ト骨:占いに用いた獣骨で、日本で占いが行われていたことは魏志倭人伝に書かれているとのこと。
Armor
(replica) in the Kohun period (from 4th century to 7th
century). Accessories are sophisticated.
古墳時代の武具(複製)と装飾具。
2. Medieval period 奈良・平安・鎌倉・室町時代
The yearly schedule in the Nara and Heian
period (710 to 1191). People had time to enjoy life. “Utagaki” event was a fun party where people enjoyed singing, dancing, eating and drinking. They
also held festivals. In winter which was an off-season of agriculture, they
made fabric for tax-payment or worked for the government. It is similar to the
Edo period (1603 to 1867).
奈良・平安時代の生活カレンダー。草取りや害虫駆除をする夏には、歌垣などの遊びがあった。春秋には祭りがあった。冬は、納税のための布を織ったり、役所での労働をしたとのこと。江戸時代も似ている。
In the medieval period, people enjoyed board-games (Sugoroku, Shougi and Go). Ladies enjoyed making up with comb. Some utensils are almost same as modern one.
中世(1200~1600年):生活道具は現代と変わらないものがあり、独楽、碁、双六などの遊び、櫛などで身支度していた、とある。
Recreated dining tables surprised me because
people had enough dishes.
食膳の復元、こんなに食べるものがあったのか。毛抜き(模造)。
3. Edo period 江戸時代
The photo above shows a famous inn in
Kanagawa-syuku which was called Sakura-ya. This model is very accurate so you
can watch the party of the second floor from the backside.
桜屋は、海を見渡せる高台にある神奈川宿の茶屋。今の料亭田中家あたりと言われている。いろいろな絵に描かれている桜屋を模型にしている。当時の人々の酒を飲んだり歌ったり楽しみ方が、良く作られている。裏側からは桜屋の2階の宴会の様子も見られる。手が込んでいる。
At the next exhibition area, farmer’s life was
illustrated based on the diary of a village head T.Sekiguchi.
Location of Kanagawa-syuku (Yokohama) |
名主関口藤右衛門の日記、これは読む必要ありである。各々の絵が面白いので拡大。
Holiday and lunch break made everyone relax. You can find a monkey entertainer on the picture! Was he a farmer or a professional performer?
Monkey entertainer (Video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eI4YCgC0Zr0
Monkey entertainer (Video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eI4YCgC0Zr0
日々のお休み、リラックスしている。猿回しがいる、プロではなく普通の人もやっていたのか~?
Festival、祭の賑わい |
Ritual during rice-planting、田植の神事 |
Yearly events, rice-planting and
driving insects from field (pest control). Unbelievably Sumou wrestling was
held in a rice field.
年中行事、田植と虫送り。田植で相撲、本当か?
Agricultural calendar、農事カレンダー |
Festival at Kumano Shrine in Kanagawa 神奈川町熊野神社の祭礼模型/金川砂子 |
It is written on the caption “Fun of the
festival; the most preferable event for farmers was the festival of their
village shrine. Farmers from neighboring villages joined and Kagura dancing was
performed, they enjoyed lively and cheerful time.
「祭りのよろこび:農民たちが、一年の行事のうちでもっとも楽しみにしていたのは、鎮守の祭りです。そこでは、周囲の村々からも人々が集まり、神楽などが行われ、にぎやかな時を過ごしました。」とある。
Equipment for Kou、講の道具 |
It was written “People held Kou meeting
often and concreted their bond”. The photo above shows the equipment of “Nenbutsu
chant kou”. Meeting is fun and a safety net simultaneously.
「人々はいろいろな機会を通じて講という寄合を持ち、お互いのつながりを深めました」とある。都筑区の念仏講の道具が展示されている。庚申講に関する庚申塔もあった。
Worship and tip to Ooyama、大山登拝 |
It is written “After the mid-Edo period, people could afford to visit shrines at Mt.Fuji, Mt.Ooyama, Kamakura, Enoshima and so on.” The photo above shows backpack carriers to bring sake alcohol to Mt.Ooyama and to bring back the sacred water to their village which were made in 1832. It was amazing that people carried it and climbed up Mt.Ooyam, because I have climbed and I knew it wasn’t easy to do so.
「近世中ごろ以降は庶民にも経済的な余裕が生まれ、富士山、大山、鎌倉、江の島などの名所への旅行や、寺社への参拝が活発になり、宿場は更に栄えた」とある。大山に奉納する酒や、大山でいただいた神水を入れる大山講お神酒枠(1832年、都筑区の大山講中作)。これを担いで大山に登ったとは立派。後ろは、講の旅人向けの看板。
Mt.Ooyama、大山(神奈川県) |
4.After Meiji period 明治時代以降
It was a downtown Yokohama called Isezaki-cho.
This area was said the most busy district; there were four hundreds shops including
restaurants, theaters and comedy theaters. There were also primitive department
stores called Kankouba. This exhibit shows a lady on the rickshaw, a
baby-sitter, foreign couple, a policeman and a fish peddler in the Meiji
period. There are no samurai.
「明治後半の伊勢佐木町:日本一の繁華街と言われ、食べ物屋、芝居小屋、寄席など400余りも軒を連ねていた」とある。また、デパートの前身といわれる勧工場(かんこうば、各種商店が集合した建物)も帝国商品館と横浜館あった。人々は街を訪れる。人力車に乗って買い物に来た女性、芝居を見に来た外人夫婦、子守奉公の娘、魚の行商人などの展示。
Photo album; so sophisticated 写真集;洗練されていて今にはない良さがある |
Combs and hairpins, gadgets for Tabaco、櫛簪とたばこ道具 |
Cases for makeup tools and pens、化粧道具及び文房具入れ |
Imported watches and Japanese bag called Shigen-bag、舶来懐中時計と信玄袋 |
Special exhibition 特別展示
Mobile Buddhist Statue 鶴見川流域の周り地蔵(池辺町)
Villagers circulate the Jizou Buddhist Statue
which is in a wooden box. The house which keeps the box is called Yado (inn),
and people hand on the box to the next house after an interval of ten days. At
the Yado house, family offers tea, rice, incense sticks and so on every morning.
When the family gets a baby, they offer a red sash with their baby’s name. The
statue was made in 1698 and was repaired in 1856, so this rite has lasted more than
three hundred years. Inviting guests to our house can be a nuisance
nowadays for Japanese, however I reckon it was fun in the past time. The statue visited each
house almost once a year.
古くから住む家々が順次箱に入れたお地蔵様を回し、迎えた家(宿)では10日間おいて3の付く日に次の宿に送る。宿では、地蔵を仏間において毎朝お茶とごはん、線香、賽銭等を供える。子が生まれた家では、赤い襷に名前などを書いて地蔵にかけるので多くの襷、帽子、前掛けが奉納されている。1698年に地蔵像造立、1856年修理の記録がある。300年以上続く行事だ。今では面倒と思われる家に人を呼ぶことが楽しみであったと思う。お地蔵様のルート38軒、年に一回、お地蔵様がまわってくる感じです。(調査報告書2016、「廻り地蔵」をささえる街のくらし報告書(平成28年度、年報))
Village head house in Tsuzuki Garden、都築民家園 |
19 funs(楽fun)were found. Visited in December, 2017
Website:
Website:
https://www.rekihaku.city.yokohama.jp/en/,
accessed in January, 2019
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Archives of History 横浜開港資料館
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